Optimizer Studio’s evolution search algorithm usually outperforms manual search by domain experts.All that is required is to import the relevant embedded compiler flag definitions: import:Īs for the second challenge, Optimizer Studio uses advanced algorithms to search for the best configuration. For the first challenge, it is no longer required to be a compiler expert and know about all of the possible compiler flags since the flags (and 1000’s of other tunable definitions) are shipped with Optimizer Studio out-of-the-box. The second and most difficult challenge is finding the optimal flags for compiling every application by performing manual or exhaustive search, as the number of possible configurations easily exceeds the number of atoms in the universe (10^300 > 10^80).
First off, there are just too many compiler options that, unless you’re a compiler expert, you might not even know they exist. When it comes to choosing the right compiler flags, there are several challenges that are often overlooked by developers, yet have significant impact on the performance of the resulting binary or application. We chose to focus on mining the compiler flags used for compiling the benchmark. At the end of the run, Optimizer Studio reports the best configuration it found. Once we have the automation scripts ready, we start Optimizer Studio and wait for the run to finish. The entire workflow is automated, hence it only requires minimum effort to prepare the required scripts. It is a proprietary fork of LLVM + Clang with various additional patches to improve performance for AMD’s Zen microarchitecture in Epyc and Ryzen microprocessors.Ĭoncertio’s Optimizer Studio uses advanced search algorithms to explore large parameter spaces with a reasonably short amount of time. The AMD Optimizing C/C++ Compiler (AOCC) is a high performance compiler from AMD targeting 32-bit and 64-bit Linux platforms. Tuning AOCC compiler flags for 525.x264_r benchmark using Optimizer Studioįor this experiment, we used the AMD Optimizing C/C++ Compiler (AOCC) to build the 525.x264_r benchmark on AMD bare-metal server ( AMD EPYC 7402P). For further information please refer to 525.x264_r SPEC CPU®2017 Benchmark Description.
#CPU BENCHMARK MOVIE#
The 525.x264_r source code is obtained from VideoLan, and it uses the Blender Open Movie Project’s “ Big Buck Bunny “. It’s maintained and distributed by the VideoLan project. X264 is an open source application library for encoding video streams into H.264/MPEG-4 AVC format. Otherwise, below is a high-level description of this benchmark that belongs to the SPECrate 2017 Integer benchmark suite:
#CPU BENCHMARK FREE#
If you’re familiar with 525.x264_r benchmark, feel free to skip this section and proceed to the optimization part. In this blog, we show how we evaluate one benchmark out of the SPEC-CPU benchmark suite and make it faster than the best published result, with minimal expertise and human effort. Tuning SPEC-CPU benchmarks is tough and competitive. An automated approach to tuning benchmarks potentially achieves three important goals: With all of these constraints, as well as the sheer number of configuration options, it is no wonder why we see many companies turning to machine learning to help in this process. Although some of the tuning activities can be performed before the actual hardware arrives, the crux of the work needs to be done on the metal. Optimizing these benchmarks is not only time-consuming, but it is usually also time-sensitive, as marketing needs those scores for the product launch. Which libraries (for example, a memory allocation library) should be used?.Which OS distribution and kernel to work with?.There are so many subsystems that might have an effect on the final score, such as:
#CPU BENCHMARK TRIAL#
After this, it is more or less trial and error. On top of this, the engineer would then change a few parameters depending on the SKU that is under test. The engineer would contact the chip manufacturer and get the recommended “best flags”. Typically, an engineer would be tasked to figure out the best combination of flags to achieve the highest scores. Different vendors and manufacturers run the benchmark and submit their respective results to the Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation (SPEC). The method to run the SPEC-CPU benchmarks is usually iterative. Multiple SKUs and various different chips lead to a bunch of different combinations to figure out for the best possible scores. In large organizations (OEMs), running SPEC-CPU benchmarks is a time-consuming affair.
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